Syllabus for Mathematics (Paper 1)
Number System	Natural numbers, Integers, Rational and Real numbers. Fundamental operations, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, Square roots, Decimal fractions. Unitary method, time and distance, time and work, percentages, applications to simple and compound interest, profit and loss, ratio and proportion, variation/
Elementary Number Theory	Division algorithm. Prime and composite numbers. Tests of divisibility by 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 11. Multiples and factors. Factorisation Theorem. H.C.F. and L.C.M. Euclidean algorithm. Logarithms to base 10, laws of logarithms, use of logarithmic tables.
Algebra	Basic Operations, simple factors, Remainder Theorem, H.C.F., L.C.M., Theory of polynomials, solutions of quadratic equations, relation between its roots and coefficients (Only real roots to be considered). Simultaneous linear equations in two unknowns—analytical and graphical solutions. Simultaneous linear inequations in two variables and their solutions. Practical problems leading to two simultaneous linear equations or inequations in two variables or quadratic equations in one variable & their solutions. Set language and set notation, Rational expressions and conditional identities, Laws of indices.
Trignometry	Sine ×, cosine ×, Tangent × when 0° < × < 90° Values of sin ×, cos × and tan ×, for ×= 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° Simple trigonometric identities. Use of trigonometric tables. Simple cases of heights and distances.
Geometry	Lines and angles, Plane and plane figures, Theorems on (i) Properties of angles at a point, (ii) Parallel lines, (iii) Sides and angles of a triangle, (iv) Congruency of triangles, (v) Similar triangles, (vi) Concurrence of medians and altitudes, (vii) Properties of angles, sides and diagonals of a Parallelogram, rectangle and square, (viii) Circles and its properties including tangents and normals, (ix) Loci.
Mensuration	Areas of squares, rectangles, parallelograms, triangle and circle. Areas of figures which can be split up into these figures (Field Book), Surface area and volume of cuboids, lateral surface and volume of right circular cones and cylinders, surface area and volume of spheres.
Statistics	Collection and tabulation of statistical data, Graphical representation frequency polygons, histograms, bar charts, pie charts etc. Measures of central tendency.

CDS Syllabus-2023 of English

To increase their scores in the English section, candidates should read newspapers on a daily basis. They should also highlight any difficult or new words and find their definitions to improve their vocabulary and also improve to solve the reading comprehension section questions. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the candidates’ command of the English language and their capacity for formal word usage.

CDS Syllabus of English

Spotting Errors Questions Sentence Arrangement Questions Synonyms & Antonyms Fill in the Blanks Questions. Idioms and Phrases Words selection Sentence Arrangement or Para Jumbled Questions. Ordering of Sentence. Sentence Improvement or Sentence Correction Questions.

NDA Syllabus 2023 for General Knowledge

NDA 2023 General Knowledge Syllabus: General Knowledge is the Part B of Paper 2 (General Ability Test (GAT)) in the written exam of NDA 2023. The General Knowledge section will cover the following disciplines Physics, Chemistry, General Science, Social Studies, Geography, and Current Events.

The following syllabus is intended to outline the range of the topics covered in this paper. The list of topics is not intended to be comprehensive; you may also be asked questions about subjects that are broadly related but not included in the syllabus specifically. Candidates are required to show knowledge and a thorough understanding of the topic in their answers.

NDA 2023 Syllabus for General Knowledge – Paper 2 (Part B)
Physics	Physical characteristics and states of matter, the Archimedes principle, pressure barometers, and mass, weight, volume, density, and specific gravity. Newton’s Laws of Motion, Velocity and Acceleration, Objects’ Motion, Force and Momentum, Parallelogram of Forces, Bodies’ Stability and Equilibrium, Gravitation, Basic Concepts of Work, Power and Energy. Effects of Heat, Temperature and Heat Measurement, State Change and Latent Heat, and Heat Transfer Modes. Simple musical instruments and their qualities, sound waves. Light propagation, reflection, and refraction along a straight line. Human eye, spherical mirrors, and lenses. Earth as a magnet, properties of a magnet, and natural and artificial magnets. Electrical power measurement, primary and secondary cells, use of X-rays, conductors and nonconductors, Ohm’s Law, simple electrical circuits, heating, lighting, and magnetic effects of current. General Principles for the following tools’ function: Simple Pendulums, Simple Pulleys, Siphons, Levers, Balloons, Pumps, Hydrometers, Pressure Cookers, Thermos Flasks, Gramophones, Telephones, Periscopes, Telescopes, Microscopes, Mariner’s Compasses, Lighting Conductors, and Safety Fuses.
Chemistry	Chemical and physical changes. Law of Chemical Combination, Symbols, Formulae, and Simple Chemical Equations, Elements, Mixtures, and Compounds (excluding problems). Characteristics of water and air. Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide preparation and properties, as well as oxidation and reduction. Salts, bases, and acids. Different types of carbon. Natural and artificial fertilizers. Materials used in the manufacturing of the substances include soap, glass, ink, paper, cement, paints, safety matches, and gunpowder. Basics of atomic structure, atomic equivalents, molecular weights, and valency
General Science	Differences between living things and non-living things. Basis of Life: Tissues, Protoplasm, and Cells. Plant and animal growth and reproduction. Basic knowledge of the human body’s major organs The causes and prevention of common epidemics. Food: A Human’s source of energy. A balanced diet, dietary components. The Solar System, comets and meteors, and eclipses. Successes of Renowned Scientists.
History/Polity/Economy	A comprehensive examination of Indian history with a focus on culture and civilization. Indian Freedom Movement Basic instruction on the Indian government and constitution. Basic understanding of India’s five-year plans. Cooperatives, Panchayati Raj, and Community Development. Basic Teachings of Mahatma Gandhi, Bhoodan, Sarvodaya, National Integration, and Welfare State. Renaissance, exploration, and discovery, as well as the American Revolutionary War, are factors influencing the modern world. the Industrial Revolution, the Russian Revolution, and the French Revolution. Social effects of science and technology. United Nations, Panchsheel, Democracy, Socialism, and Communism concepts. India’s role in the modern world.
Geography	The size and shape of the Earth. Concept of time, latitudes, and longitudes. International Date Line. Earth’s movements and their consequences. Genesis of Earth. Classification of rocks; mechanical and chemical weathering;earthquakes and volcanoes. Climate types, the world’s major natural regions, ocean currents and tides, atmospheric pressure, temperature, planetary winds, cyclones, and anti-cyclones, humidity, condensation, and precipitation. India’s regional geography—Climate, Resources for minerals and energy, Natural Vegetation; the location and distribution of industrial and agricultural activity. Important seaports and India’s primary land, sea, and air routes. India’s primary imports and exports items.
Current Events	Knowledge of significant current events that have occurred in India in recent years. Current major Global developments. Prominent figures of India and around the world, including those involved in sports and culture.